Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems are essential when maintaining the comfort of interior spaces in Vancover, BC. HVAC systems have several components to help keep a home comfortable. One of the key components in an HVAC system is the air compressor. This piece will explain how a traditional HVAC system functions, an air compressor’s role in that system, and other vital considerations.
HVAC Systems Explained
Traditional HVAC systems have several design features that help control your home’s temperature, air quality, and humidity. Typically, a traditional HVAC system will be made of these various components:
- Thermostat
- Furnace
- Heat Exchanger
- Condenser coil
- Evaporator coil
- Air compressor
- Refrigerant
- Ductwork
When you use a traditional HVAC system and set the temperature, the thermostat signals to either the air conditioner or furnace, turning it on. The system components work to push either warm or cool air through the ductwork into the home. This air circulates, bringing your home to your desired temperature.
HVAC Air Compressor Importance
An air compressor is a critical component of an HVAC system. The primary purpose of an air compressor is to repress the system’s refrigerant gas. This increases the refrigerant’s temperature and pressure. It is vital that the air compressor does this to prepare it for the condenser coil’s heat exchange process. As the refrigerant passes through the condenser coil, the compressed refrigerant cools and condenses into a liquid. This moves into the HVAC system’s evaporator coil, where it absorbs heat from the interior air and cools it. Then the refrigerant is recirculated back to the air compressor.
Types of Air Compressors
There are different types of air compressors that an HVAC air conditioner may use. These air compressors have similar overall functions. However, different compressor types can have various advantages or disadvantages based on the needs of the home. Here are some common HVAC air compressor types:
Reciprocating Compressor
A reciprocating compressor uses pistons that are driven by a crankshaft, allowing it to compress the refrigerant. As the piston inside a cylinder moves up and down, it compresses refrigerant on the downstroke and draws it in on the upstroke. These compressors are common due to their reliability and affordability.
Scroll Compressors
Scroll compressors function by using a pair of spiral scrolls when compressing the system’s refrigerant. With this type of compressor, one scroll will stay still while the second scroll orbits around the first. This movement helps to trap refrigerant and compress it into pockets. When compared to reciprocating compressors, these tend to be more efficient and have a quieter operation.
Rotary Compressors
The function of a rotary compressor involves a rotating mechanism. This is typically a roller that is inside a cylinder. The refrigerant is compressed as it passes through this rotating mechanism. The advantage of these compressors is that they are compact and have few parts. They are known for quiet operations and being highly reliable. A disadvantage is that these can be limited compared to other compressors due to their smaller capacity.
Centrifugal Compressors
Centrifugal compressors employ an impeller that rotates at a high velocity. The high speed of the rotation creates a centrifugal force on the refrigerant, compressing it. These types of compressors are typically found in industrial or commercial HVAC systems because of the higher volumes of refrigerant they can compress.
Air Compressor Considerations
If your HVAC air compressor needs to be replaced, it needs to be compatible with your current system. However, there are additional things that you can consider when choosing an air compressor.
Energy Efficiency
Energy efficiency is important for your HVAC system, and this includes individual components like air compressors. A highly efficient air compressor can help your HVAC system consume less overall energy, resulting in lower monthly energy bills. Additionally, a more efficient compressor can last longer before it needs to be repaired or replaced.
Size and Capacity
Another consideration is the size and capacity of an HVAC air compressor. The air compressor should match the capacity requirements of your HVAC system. An insufficient air compressor can result in poor function in your HVAC system.
Operational Noise Level
Air compressor noise is something to consider. Some air compressors can be louder, leading to a higher overall noise level in your system. You can pick a unit with a lower decibel rating to help with this. Consider choosing an air compressor type that is known for quieter operation if this factor is important to you.
Reliability and Durability
The reliability and durability of your air compressor are also critical. You can opt for air compressors that are from brands that are more reputable. These will be brands that are known for both their robust performance and their longevity.
Cost
Cost is also a factor when choosing a new air compressor for your HVAC system. Typically, you will want to choose the best compressor you can get for your budget. Additionally, remember to consider the potential savings over the long term due to efficiency and longevity. Over time, this can make a seemingly expensive air compressor a more cost-effective choice than a cheaper air compressor.
Compressor Maintenance and Possible Issues
Because air compressors are vital to your HVAC system, maintenance is essential. Air compressor maintenance should be part of an overall HVAC tune-up by professional HVAC technicians. Don’t wait for an issue to occur before scheduling maintenance. If there is a problem with your air compressor, here are some common issues that may need to be fixed:
Refrigerant Leaks
If the refrigerant lines of your HVAC system are leaking, it can reduce the efficiency of both the compressor and the entire system. A technician will need to find where the leak is, seal it, and add refrigerant to bring it up to optimal levels.
Overheating
Overheating of an air compressor unit can occur due to internal mechanical problems, excessive ambient temperatures, or a lack of lubrication on moving parts. If the overheating issue isn’t addressed, it can lead to compressor damage and failure.
Electrical Problems
Electrical problems like overloads, capacitor problems, or faulty wiring can prevent your compressor from operating properly. Electrical systems should be inspected during HVAC maintenance, and any issues should be addressed.
Contamination
Contaminants can build up on the air compressor and cause damage. This can be excessive dirt causing mechanical obstructions or a moisture buildup that causes rusting. Proper system filtration and regular maintenance can help prevent any issues caused by contamination.
Mechanical Failures
Over time, internal components in an air compressor can develop wear and tear. This is more common on moving parts. Proper lubrication and maintenance can help slow the wear and tear of critical components. However, if issues with these components occur, it can result in a reduction in efficiency or the compressor completely breaking down.
Do you live in Vancouver or the surrounding area and need help with your HVAC compressor? Western Pacific Heating, Cooling & Airflow is at your service. We are happy to offer comprehensive HVAC services like new property installation, system upgrades, HVAC maintenance, and repairing HVAC problems. We have HVAC services that are available for both residential and commercial properties. We are also happy to help with air purification, water heaters, and more. If you would like help with an HVAC air compressor unit or to learn more about our other services, please contact Western Pacific Heating, Cooling & Airflow today.
